Penerjemahan istilah hukum populer dalam bahasa Indonesia ke bahasa Inggris dan sebaliknya (https://ridwanbahasa.wordpress.com/):
Jenis peraturan dan perundangan di Indonesia:
Types of rules of law/ law and orders in Indonesia:
- Undang-Undang Dasar (UUD) = Constitution
- Undang- Undang (UU) = Act/ Law (legislation)
- Rancangan Undang-Undang (RUU) = Legislation Bill
- Peraturan Pemerintah (PP) = Government Regulation
- Peraturan Presiden (Perpres) = Presidential Regulation
- Peraturan Menteri (Permen) = Ministerial Regulation
- Keputusan Presiden (Kepres) = Presidential Decree
- Keputusan Menteri (Kepmen) = Ministerial Decree
- Instruksi Presiden (Inpres) = Executive Order (U.S)
- Instruksi Menteri = Ministerial Order/ Ministerial Instruction (UK)
- Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang (Perppu) = Government Regulation in lie of Law
- Peraturan Daerah (Perda) = Local Government Regulation
Permenkumham Nomor 15 Tahun 2016 tentang Tata Naskah Dinas di Lingkungan Kementerian Hukum dan HAM
A. Naskah Dinas Pengaturan (ditandatangani oleh Menteri)
- Pedoman = Guideline / Code of Conduct
- Petunjuk Pelaksanaan = Statement of Practice
- Instruksi = Ministerial Order
- Prosedur Tetap = Statement of Procedure
- Surat Edaran = Circular letter
- Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) = Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)
B. Naskah Dinas Penetapan (Keputusan) = Ministerial Decision
C. Naskah Dinas Penugasan (Surat Perintah) = Letter of Assignment
D. Naskah Dinas Korespondensi = Official Correspondences
- Naskah Dinas Korespondensi Intern (Nota Dinas) = Internal Memo (memorandum)
- Naskah Dinas Korespondensi Ekstern (Surat Dinas) = Entrustment letter
E. Naskah Dinas Khusus
- Surat Perjanjian Kerja Sama (PKS) = Letter of Agreement
- Surat Perjanjian Kontrak + Pakta Integritas = Integrity Pact (IP)
- Surat Perjanjian Internasional = International Treaty
- Surat Kesepakatan Awal = Letter of Intent (LoI)
- Nota Kesepahaman = Memorandum of Understanding (MoU)
- Surat Kuasa = Power of Attorney (PoA)
- Berita Acara = Record of
- Berita Acara Serah Terima = Record of Transfer
- Berita Acara Hasil Pembuktian = Record of Verification
- Berita Acara Penyelesaian Pekerjaan = Certificate of Practical Completion
- Berita Acara Pemeriksaan = Interrogation Report / Report of Investigation
- Pengumuman = Announcement
- Laporan = Report
- Laporan Kejadian (LK) = Incident Report/ Accident Report
- Notula = Minutes of Meeting (MoM)
The Translation of Popular Legal Terms in English and Indonesian:
- Kedudukan Hukum = Legal Standing
- Uji Materil = Judicial Review
- Constitutional Review = Uji Undang-Undang Dasar
- Peninjauan Kembali/ PK = Judicial Review
- An Appeal = Banding
- Draf/ Rancangan Undang-Undang (RUU) = A Bill
- Tergugat/ Terdakwa = A Defendant
- Penggugat = A Claimant/ Plaintiff
- Tersangka = A Suspect
- Terdakwa = Charged
- Pengacara/ Penasehat Hukum = A Lawyer/ Advocate
- Minor offences = Tipiring (Tindak Pidana Ringan)
- Perbuatan tercela/ penghinaan/Pertentangan hukum = Contempt of court
- Justice Collaborator = Saksi pelaku yang bekerja sama
- Diskriminasi Positif = Affirmative Actions
- Threshold = Ambang batas
- Access to Justice = Sama rata sama rasa
- District Attorney = Jaksa Wilayah
- Jaksa Agung = Attorney General
- Mahkamah Agung = Supreme Court
- Pelapor Tindak Pidana/Perdata = Whistle blower
- Pembuktian Terbalik = Shifting burden of proof
- Pengembalian aset tindak pidana = Stolen Asset Recovery
- Sidang Senat/ Dengar Pendapat = Senate Hearing/ Hearing
- Undang-undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia = Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia
- Undang-undang = Act, Law
- Peraturan Pemerintah = Government Ordinance/ Regulation
- Keputusan Presiden = Presidential Decree
- Keputusan Menteri =Ministerial Decree
- Surat Edaran = Circular Letter
- Nota Dinas = Internal Memo (Memorandum)
- Draf/Rancangan Peraturan = Bill
- Amandemen = Amendment
- Pasal = Article/ Paragraph
- Ayat = Section/ Subsection
- Lembaran Negara = State Gazette, Statute Book
- Atas nama = PP (Per Procurationem = Bahasa Latin)/ On behalf of
- Plh. (pelaksana harian) = acting/ on duty
- Plt. (pelaksana tugas) = Ad interim/ Caretaker/ Acting official
- SIUP = Letter of Business Permit
- NPWP = Tax Registration Number
- BAP = Investigation & Interrogation Report
- TDP (Tanda Daftar Perusahaan) = Company Registration
- RPTKA (Rencana Penempatan Tenaga Kerja Asing) = Expatriate Placement Plan
- Akta Pendirian = Deed Establishment
- Akta Lahir = Birth Certificate
- Akta Perkawinan = Marriage Certificate
- Akta Tanah = Land Title Deed
- PPAT (Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah) = Land Deed Official
- APBN = State’s Budget/ the Budget
- HGB (Hak Guna Bangunan) = Building Rights Title
- SHM (Sertifikat Hak Milik) = Freehold Title
- HGU (Hak Guna Usaha) = Cultivation Rights Title
- Pajak Penghasilan (PPh) = Income Tax/ Payroll Tax
- Pajak Pertambahan Nilai (PPN) = Value Added Tax (VAT)/ GST = Good & Service Tax
- PNBP = Non-Tax Income/ Revenue
- Praduga Tak Bersalah = Presumption of Innocence
- Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) = Criminal Code
- Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana (KUHAP) = Criminal Code Procedure
- Hukum Pidana = Penal Law/ Criminal Law
- Hukum Perdata = Civil Law
- PTUN = A Civil Court
- Bebas Bersyarat = Parole
- Bebas dengan Jaminan/ Jaminan/ Tebusan = On Bail
- Gugatan = Lawsuit/ Claim
- Berperilaku tercela dan tidak pantas di Pengadilan = Misbehaving in Court
- Tidak mentaati perintah-perintah pengadilan = Disobeying Court Orders
- Menyerang integritas dan impartialitas pengadilan = Scandalising the Court
- Menghalangi jalannya penyelenggaraan peradilan = Obstructing Justice
- Perbuatan-perbuatan penghinaan terhadap pengadilan dilakukan dengan cara pemberitahuan/publikasi = Sub-Judice Rule
- Hukuman Mati = A Death Sentence/ Death Penalty
- Hukuman Seumur Hidup = A Life Sentence/ Life Imprisonment
- Pidana Kurungan = Detention, Custody
- Pidana Penjara = Imprisonment
- Praperadilan = Pretrial
- Peradilan = Trial
- Berlaku surut = Retroactive
- Bebas bersyarat = Parole
- Orang yg menutupi kasus kejahatan = an accomplice
- AD/ART = Memorandum of Association/ Articles of Association
- “…dinyatakan dicabut dan tidak berlaku.” = “…are revoked and ceased…”
- “…sampai batas waktu yang tidak ditentukan.” = “…until further notice.”
- Diundangkan = promulgated
- “Peraturan ini berlaku mulai…” = “This regulation comes into effect…”
- Putusan Bebas (Hakim) =Acquittal
- Putusan (Hakim) = Verdict, Judgement
- Eksekusi/Tindakan Pengosongan Rumah/Gedung = Eviction
- Supremasi Hukum = Rule of Law
- Penegakan Hukum = Law Enforcement
- Peraturan Perundangan = Legislation
- Rancangan Undang-Undang (RUU) = Bill
- Surat Kuasa = Power of Attorney (pelimpahan wewenang seseorang kepada orang lain)
- Surat Kuasa Penuh = Full Powers (pelimpahan wewenang negara kepada pejabat negara dalam melakukan perjanjian internasional)
- Batal demi Hukum = Null and Void
References :
Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary – 8th Edition 2012.
http://ind.proz.com.
http://dictionary.law.com/